Natural Selection Lab

Indian Market free essay sample

This report manages oral market of India particularly the mouthwash division. the different part of advertising and innovative work of mouthwash item are talked about in detail. Presentation (COSMETIC MARKET) According to an exploration RNCOS modern research-The rising magnificence worries among the two people are moving the Indian beauty care products industry, which has seen a solid development over the most recent couple of years. The country’s corrective segment has, truth be told, risen as one of the business sectors holding huge development potential. New item dispatches obliging consumers’ developing prerequisites will fuel development in the business, for which the future standpoint appears to be particularly splendid. As indicated by our most recent research report, the Indian beautifying agents showcase enrolled noteworthy deals worth INR 264. 1 Billion of every 2011, and with rising buying force and developing design awareness, the industry is evaluated to grow at a CAGR of around 17% during 2011-2015. Their new research report, â€Å"Indian Cosmetic Sector Forecast to 2015†, sees that the Indian makeup industry holds promising development possibilities for both existing and new players. We have explicitly examined the patterns, relating to restorative items, among male and rustic populace which will support advisors, industry investigators, and merchants comprehend the bearing wherein the business is moving. During the customer conduct examination, we saw that shoppers are progressively moving towards ‘natural’ and ‘herbal’ corrective items as they are related with bio-dynamic fixings and safe for human skin. What's more, we found that ladies are spending more on beautifying agents as they are effectively acquiring and burning through cash on prepping themselves. In addition, provincial india is likewise demonstrating its ability to look appealing. We likewise examined the possibilities of different portions, including hair care, healthy skin, oral consideration, scent and shading beauty care products, and introduced figures for them in our report. The investigation uncovered that shading beautifying agents advertise is developing at a fast rate in contrast with different sections. Our thorough examination additionally gives a short investigation of business sectors for Hair Beauty Salon, Spa and Cosmetics Surgery that are a significant piece of the Indian beautifying agents industry. With the end goal of understanding the industry’s serious scene and introducing its decent standpoint to customers, we have incorporated a diagram of the exercises of key players like Hindustan Unilever, Marico and L’Oreal in the report, which will demonstrate conclusive for customers. Restorative MARKET SALE-2011 Others 23% Hair Care 20% Make Up 20% Fragrance 10% Skin Care 27% 2|Page Hair Care Market About 20% of every corrective item sold are for the hair. Shampoos make up most by far of this market since nearly everybody utilizes cleanser. Other critical market fragments incorporate conditioners, styling items, hair shading, and relaxers. Healthy skin Market The scope of items that are offered for the skin health management advertise are considerably more various than the hair care showcase. Healthy skin makes up about 27% of the all out restorative industry and incorporates skin lotions, chemicals, facial items, against skin inflammation, and hostile to maturing items. Of the considerable number of beautifiers, healthy skin items can be the absolute generally costly with 2 ounces of item routinely selling for gt;$200. Ladies wouldn't fret spending oodles of cash to keep their skin looking youthful. Make-up Market The shading restorative market speaks to about 15% of the corrective business and incorporates anything from lipstick to nail clean. Included are hings like become flushed, eyeshadow, establishment, and so forth. The variety of items is immense and the quantity of shading varieties are for all intents and purposes interminable. You can invest a ton of energy as a restorative scientist taking a shot at new shades of recognizable items. The market is exceptionally portioned so there isn’t extremely one prevailing player. Fine Fragrance This market portion has truly endured a shot over the most recent couple of years however it despite everything makes up about 10% of the corrective business so a few organizations are as yet bringing in cash. This is the most noteworthy benefit portion of the corrective business however buyers are flighty. Just a couple of brands (like Chanel #5) can keep going for quite a while. Fine aromas go back and forth like design and organizations need to keep on reformulating just to contend. Other The â€Å"other† classification speaks to 23% of the restorative business and is comprised of things like toothpaste, antiperspirants, sunscreens, depilatories, and other individual consideration items not yet referenced. All things considered, a significant number of these items could fall under one of the classifications previously referenced however the business likes to keep them isolated at whatever point they do stories on the different markets. 3|Page ORAL CARE According to a report from RNCOS industry examine arrangement In India, oral consideration section holds a generous offer in the general corrective market. On back of expanding mindfulness about oral cleanliness, improving pay, and high publicizing consumption by players, the Indian oral consideration advertise has indicated fantastic development. As indicated by our most recent research report, tooth glue and tooth powders hold the greater part portion of the market, and this is required to remain the significant sub-fragment in future. It is assessed that the Indian oral consideration market will enroll a solid CAGR of around 14% during 2011-2015. According to the report, â€Å"Indian Oral Care Market Forecast to 2015†, there exists an enormous potential for tooth brush showcase in country regions. During our examination, we additionally saw that dental wellbeing camps and free dental tests have brought issues to light about dental contaminations and infections, particularly in rural and country parts. The Indian Oral Care advertise is determined by breaking down and considering its subsegments including: tooth glue, tooth powder, tooth brush, and mouth wash. In addition, our broad examination likewise talks about why the business sectors for tooth glue, tooth powder, tooth brush, and mouth wash are developing in India and in which heading they are probably going to move in the coming years. It additionally gauges the portion of oral consideration fragments in oral consideration showcase according to scribd. com,the oral consideration classification has a business opportunity for about 5000crore for year 2011-12 . Key Players-Hindustan Unilever and Colgate Palmolive. 93 percent of the family units revealed some use on toothpaste in 2009-10. The infiltration of toothpaste was 95 percent in urban family units and about 88 percent in provincial families. The infiltration of toothbrushes is a lot of lower than that of toothpaste. Perhaps, the pointer subs for the toothbrush in numerous families, or toothbrushes keep going for longer than a year.

4 Comic Recommendations for Fans of MAKING A MURDERER

4 Comic Recommendations for Fans of MAKING A MURDERER While the sophomore  season of Serial has yet to recapture the the zeal surrounding its debut caper, true crime enthusiasts have found a new obsession on Netflix. The 10-episode Making a Murderer documentary is a sensation. A decade in the making, it chronicles the prosecutionand some argue persecutionof Wisconsins Steven Avery and his nephew Brendan Dassey for the 2005 abduction, rape, murder, and mutilation of photographer Teresa Halbach. The crux for the defense teams, particularly in Averys case, was the suggestion that Avery, previously released from prison after serving 18 years for an assault he didnt commit, had been targeted by vengeful county law enforcement and attorneys. Dasseys team further posited that the inept teen was coerced into providing a damaging, though wildly inconsistent confession implicating himself as well as his uncle in the crime. Is this simply a messy and disorganized prosecution, or were one or both of these men wrongfully convicted as the result of a deep conspiracy? Ive personally been watching the series in a loop since it premiered in December, pausing however infrequently to dash out for repeat screenings of The Force Awakens. The twists and turns in the investigation and ensuing trials makes for endlessly compelling television, the level of access an invaluable resource for fans and writers of true crime and legal dramas alike. Theres also something especially bittersweet about Dasseys story in particular, and much has been written about the snapshot of modern tragedy provided by the banal phone conversations with his beleaguered mother. Yeah?Yeah.Huh?Yeah?Yeah. Yeah. Next time on #MakingAMurderer Paul Montgomery (@fuzzytypewriter) December 23, 2015 Yep, Ive been caught in the riptide, alright. Ive lost days of sleep trying to parse Brendan Dasseys offhand mention of that girl who got eaten by the alligator. #MakingAMurderer Paul Montgomery (@fuzzytypewriter) January 1, 2016 Absolutely my favorite moment of #makingamurderer A video posted by Paul Montgomery (@fuzzytypewriter) on Jan 1, 2016 at 10:34am PST Right, so, where to turn to next. Especially for us comic readers. Well, Ive got some options for you. Green River Killer by  Jef Jensen and Jonathan Case   This ones the high water mark for investigative reports on high profile killers, the one I first recommend when asked for non-fiction crime comic recommendations. Stark and sobering, Jensen and Case offer an account of an evolving investigation. Just as the advancement of DNA testing exonerated and freed Stephen Avery after his 18 year bid, those same breakthroughs helped put Gary Leon Ridgway away for at least 49 murders in Washington state. This case is of particular interest because it centers on 180 days of interviews between Ridgway and investigator Tom Jensen, the writers father. Such access is vital stuff. And it doesnt hurt that this Eisner winning book is drawn by Jonathan Case (Batman 66), one of the industrys best craftsman. My Friend Dahmer by Derf Backderf This is generally the second book I recommend, right after GRK. Again, access is a big thing, but this is a very different book. Written and drawn with an R. Crumb level appreciation for the grotesque and banal in everyday life, My Friend Dahmer is an intimateif sometimes admittedly vagueremembrance of a sociopath in his troubled youth. John Derf Backderf attended Richfield, Ohios Revere High School with Jeffrey Dahmer. Friendships are a tricky thing, and Backderfs seemingly candid depiction of his relationship with Dahmer suggests something closer to observer and curiosity than any deep bond. But the authors speculation about Dahmers home life is a tender addition to the story, particularly as he attempts to make sense of the violence to come. Surviving Saskatoon: Milgaard and Me by David Collier This is a bit of a deep dive and may prove a bit of a goose chase in the vein of finding a green Toyota Rav4 in a packed salvage yard (then again). Published back in 2000, cartoonist David Collier (American Splendor) recounts the trial of another David, Milgaard, wrongfully convicted in 1971 for the rape and murder of a nursing assistant named Gail Miller. Its also a portrait of both  Davids native Saskatoon at the time. Though he was only eight at the time of Milgaards trial, Collier vividly recalls a deeply conservative community, rigid and suspicious. By the time Milgaard was released, a year before Collier released his comic, the man had served 23 years in prison. The essay strip is also collected in Portraits of Life. The Lindbergh Child: Americas Hero and the Crime of the Century (Treasury of XXth Century Murder) by Rick Geary As you can see from the parenthetical in the title, Gearys pretty serial, erserious, about serial killers. Hes written and drawn six graphic accounts of graphic murders from the 20th century, eight more from the Victorian era. Any of them would prove ideal followups to Making a Murder viewers, but Im singling out this, the first in this XXth Century Murder series, for the conspiracy element. The 1932 disappearance, ransom, and murder of toddler Charles Lindbergh,  Jr.  remains a contentious case (as well as a not-so-timely anecdote my mother offers helpless cashiers when shes unable to find correct change in her massive, overstuffed purse). Over a two year investigation numerous suspects were sought and a number of attention-craving interlopers strove to insinuate themselves into the affair. Gearys profiled far more prolific killers, but the Lindbergh case trumps them all for convolution and a startling whorl of deception. Sign up to The Stack to receive  Book Riot Comic's best posts, picked for you. Thank you for signing up! Keep an eye on your inbox.

Orwell s 1984 By George Orwell - 1992 Words

Imagine living in a world where a citizen is being watched 24/7 by the government with nowhere to escape for freedom and liberty. People are constantly watched every single second in their daily lives. They have no privacy from the government at all; even their thoughts are monitored. Thinking and/or committing crimes that are considered treasonous by the government result in punishment, usually by death in this society. A nightmarish society like this is portrayed in George Orwell’s novel, 1984, where the main character Winston Smith struggles to live in the superstate, Oceania where the Party is the head of the government. He also covertly hates the Party and Big Brother, who is the head of the Party, and wishes to rebel. He then joins a†¦show more content†¦A few years later, in 1949, he published 1984, which â€Å"stirred up controversy among reviewers, who found this fictional future too despairing† (Biography.com Staff). However, this novel â€Å"proved to be another huge success for the author† but sadly he died a year later after the publication due to tuberculosis (Biography.com Staff). His novel is a warning to the people about the horrors of totalitarianism. A major theme in the novel is that totalitarianism is a living nightmare. Totalitarianism has even been established in different societies in the past like Nazi Germany, Soviet Union, and even North Korea. Totalitarianism is portrayed throughout the book, â€Å"It was terribly dangerous to let your thoughts wander when you were in any public place or within the range of a telescreen. The smallest thing could give you away† (Orwell, 55). This signifies how freedom of thought is forbidden in Oceania and how frightening it is knowing that someone is watched all the time. One can get caught easily by the Thought Police with just the slightest move. â€Å"Thoughtcrime was not a thing that could be concealed forever. You might dodge successfully for a while, even for years, but sooner or later they were bound to get you† (Orwell 16-17). One is definitely going to get caught and arrested if a person commits this kind of crime. In addition, people that are caught are not served the right to a trial in court (Orwell 17). Instead,

Benefits of Music Education - 2049 Words

Kris Epperson Mrs. Wilder-Newland English 12 15 March 2012 Benefits of Required Music Education According to â€Å"College Bound Seniors National Report: Profile of SAT Program Test Takers,† â€Å"Students in music appreciation classes scored 63 points higher on verbal and 44 points higher on math than students with no arts participation.† Music programs are being cut and underfunded even though these programs should be the first to be funded; they provide a magnitude of benefits. Music should be taught progressively just like English or social studies. The music class would start out as it does in most music classes in elementary school, going through the basic history and learning how to play the recorder. Then, in middle school, it would†¦show more content†¦Language arts is a core class throughout all levels of education, and music helps young students to be more aware of and focus on phonemes that make up the English language (â€Å"Start†). In the most basic form, music has helped teach children the alphab et. A study done by Cohen-Taylor in 1981 stated, â€Å"†¦popular song lyrics used as reading materials caused middle grades students to approach printed materials in a positive manner. Students had been approaching reading materials with apathy†¦kids became enthusiastic and excited about using lyrics as reading materials. Reading skills can be effectively taught using popular song lyrics† (Eady and Wilson â€Å"Restructuring Music’s† 244). This method would be well accepted throughout student bodies across the nation. A distinct tie exists between music and the human brain. â€Å"It speaks to the emotions, the angst, the happiness, and it really ties kids into their emotions. Everything seems so life and death, so right now† (Gutjahr). There are one hundred billion neurons in the brain (Levitin 85). Almost every part of the brain lights up when a person listens to, plays, or reads music. Playing an instrument requires carefully timed physical m ovements, which enables the motor cortex (â€Å"Your Brain†). The hippocampus, a part of the brain which plays a key role in long term memory, helps retrieve memories that give sound both meaning and context. The visualShow MoreRelatedThe Benefits of Music Education Essay990 Words   |  4 PagesThe Benefits of Music Education Due to budget cuts, students all across America are missing an opportunity that could benefit them greatly. Many changes all across America are cutting the fine arts program out of schools. The fine arts program is incredibly important for a child. Children should be exposed to music at a young age to help them succeed as an adult. Music education should be properly funded so they can gain important knowledge and life skills in school. Music benefits kids in multipleRead MoreBenefits Of Music And Art Education977 Words   |  4 PagesThe Benefits of Music and Art Education If we live in the land of many opportunities, then why should music and art programs be cut from schools? When people hear the term â€Å"art†, their first initial thought would most likely be drawing or painting. However, it’s a lot more than the visual art forms that can be set on a paper or canvas; According to the Merriam Webster Dictionary, the term â€Å"Art† is â€Å"something that is created with imagination and skill and that is beautiful or that expresses importantRead MoreMusic Education and the Benefits Essay examples1700 Words   |  7 Pages Most understand that music is a useful tool for relaxation and leisure time. Fewer know that learning a musical instrument, or even listening to music for long periods of time, can have a positive impact on one’s academic abilities. Numerous researchers and college professors have looked into this correlation and again and again have produced data that confirms this common theory. Studying music can no t only improve academic skills, but sharpen motor skills, memory, and create a well rounded, enrichedRead MoreThe Effects Of Music Education On Mainstream Education Essay1619 Words   |  7 Pagesanswering if music education has enough crossover benefit to include it into our mainstream education. Two scholarly articles, a blog, a personal story and an online article were selected and consulted to find the answer to this question. Many authors in many articles had minimal criticism of music education and most were in favor of music education. Findings were that yes, music education does in fact have enough crossover benefit to include it into mainstream education. Music education may be timeRead MoreMusic Education: A Necessary Part of the Educational Process or Not?623 Words   |  3 Pagesor not music education is a necessary part of the educational process is one that never seems to end. To those who are musical in any aspect of the word, music education is extremely important to students of all ages. To those who don’t value music so highly however, music education is a frivolous waste of time that could be spent learning core subjects such as math, reading or grammar. In support of the necessity of music education, there are many benefits that come with studying music, even someRead MoreThe Importance Of Music Education790 Words   |  4 PagesTime Music education is a subject in school that should be essential for all students. If students continued to expand their music education, they would have higher test scores in subjects such as math and English. Having a school system where everyone is able to benefit from a school wide requirement of music education. Music education will help improve student test scores and improve students language development. Students who take music classes have higher test scores. Music education helpsRead MoreMusic Education Has On A Student929 Words   |  4 Pages Music education is often pushed to the side in terms of academics. It is often the victim of many budget cuts as it is seen as unnecessary and expensive. Looking from an outside point of view, most fail to realize how much of an impact music has on a student. The only loss they see when cutting a music program is that a student would simply no longer have the ability to learn an instrument. However, music education proves to provide much more knowledge and skills to a student than that. In learningRead More Music in Education1081 Words   |  5 Pages Why Music Is Important To Having A Complete Education nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;With school budget cuts, and no music instruments, more and more people are beginning to realize the benefits of having music in education. Providing music as part of education helps develop intelligence that leads to greater success in school and in life. Everyone from VH1 Save The Music to The National Association For Music Education agree that, â€Å"Every student in the nation should have an education in the artsRead MoreHigh School And The Neural And Scholastic Benefits Essay1626 Words   |  7 PagesGerald Ford said, â€Å"Music education opens doors that help children pass from school into the world around them a world of work, culture, intellectual activity, and human involvement. The future of our nation depends on providing our children with a complete education that includes music.† Music can do so much for the youth of the nation because it encourages group cooperation, independent study, and a way to relax. It has often been debated whe ther the benefits of music in school are significantRead MoreHigh School And The Neural And Scholastic Benefits Essay1298 Words   |  6 PagesFord said, â€Å"Music education opens doors that help children pass from school into the world around them a world of work, culture, intellectual activity, and human involvement. The future of our nation depends on providing our children with a complete education that includes music.† Music can do much more than just affect the morals of young adolescents. It has often been debated whether the benefits of music in school are significant enough to encourage continued participation in music during high

Tap and Bottled Water Free Essays

Bradley TilkaOctober 16, 2012 Rhetoric and Public Address Mrs. Mendes Persuasive Speech – Outline Tap and Bottled Water Goal: To persuade the audience that: 1. Bottled water is not better than tap water 2. We will write a custom essay sample on Tap and Bottled Water or any similar topic only for you Order Now They should start using reusable water bottles Introduction Bottled water is believed by many to be cleaner and safer than tap water†¦ While in many cases bottled water is clean and kept at a good quality, it is almost equal in most aspects with tap water 1. Costs and value of bottled water Basically, I would like to convince you that bottled water is not all it’s made out to be; the costs on bottled water make tap water a more sensible choice Bottled water is not better (healthier/cleaner) than tap, but most people are deceived into believing so Bottled water companies manufacture demand for their own products with ad campaigns (â€Å"pristine† glacier/mountain water) Invest in/Start using a water bottle! First Main Point: Bottled water is not better than tap Bottled Water Pros and Cons Regulations on bottled water Regulations on bottled water (regulated by the FDA) are less strict than those imposed on tap water (regulated by the EPA) (http://www. epa. gov/region7/kids/drnk_b. htm) * Regulations on Tap Water 1. Pros and Cons 2. Tap water is as healthy, if not healthier, than bottled water a) Strict quality policies are imposed on most sources of tap water by the EPA; Unlike the FDA, the EPA requires local utilities to provide an Annual Water Quality Report http://www. mayoclinic. com/health/tap-water/AN02167) Second Main Point: Bottled water companies manufacture demand for their own products with ad campaigns Bottled water companies make use of desirable imagery: Pristine glaciers, green pastures, etc. (http://abcnews. go. com/2020/Health/story? id=728070page=1#. UI9AQGl25cN) Main Point 3: Invest in a water bottle! By using a pre-owned, reusable water bottle we can save money and resources on water (http://www. d. com/health/rethink-what-you-drink/) B. There are many products that can enhance tap water for consumers (Brita, aerators, etc. ) * Conclusion Three Main Points Our Problem – Bottled water is not better (healthier/cleaner) than tap, but most people are deceived into believing so The Cause – Bottled water companies manufacture demand for their own products with ad campaigns (â€Å"pristine† glacier/mountain water) Solution – Invest in/Start using a water bottle! At the cost that bottled water is provided to us, it simply makes more sense to choose tap water. Provided to us for a much lower cost, it accurately reflects its value as a basic necessity. Many believe that bottled water is cleaner and safer than tap water. However, tap water is, in many cases, equal to or even better in quality than bottled water How to cite Tap and Bottled Water, Essay examples

The Mental Health Consequences of Human Trafficking free essay sample

Victims also suffer from many physical ailments that were caused by abuse they received from their abuser, or they develop new health problems that result from unresolved mental health problems. The mental health issues that are found in victims can be very serious and need to be treated by professionals. Many of the victims choose not to seek help because of shame, fear, and lack of resources. â€Å"We can’t address issues of employment, life skills, or anything else until we address the trauma† (Clawson, Salomon, Goldblatt Grace, 2008).Victims have to seek help and treat their mental health issues if they want to move forward and have a productive life. Human trafficking does not care what age a person is or the gender of that person. The only thing that a buyer or a seller cares about is if the person can make money or provide the services that were promised to them. We will write a custom essay sample on The Mental Health Consequences of Human Trafficking or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page When one looks at human trafficking there are a few things that a person needs to look at to be able to understand it better. If a person looks at the statistics of the age and gender one would be surprised at what they would find.One type of human trafficking is the forced labor that they are put in. It has been found that 56% of forced labor is made up of woman and girls and 44% are made up of men and boys (Hepburn Simon, 2010). If a person would count all the victims in that part of the human trafficking ring then one would see that 12. 3 million of those are part of forced labor which makes up about 32% (Hepburn Simon, 2010). One must remember that out of these numbers 40-50% of the population is children that are brought to the United States as forced laborers (Hepburn Simon, 2010).One example of forced labor happened in the United States right after a Hurricane Katrina. Two months after Hurricane Katrina hit New Orleans about 1,383 Thai nationalists were brought over with promise of work. When they arrived they were put to work in the damaged buildings that still did not have electricity or any running water. These are the same buildings that they were told to live in. When they cooked the food that they could catch they ended up using contaminated water.There were times that they had to place traps for pigeons so that they would have food to eat (Hepburn Simon, 2010). By the time the state department and the human service workers stepped in they had a total of nine cases against the traffickers (Hepburn Simon, 2010). One might wonder why a person would stay in a situation like this. The traffickers end up using coercive tactics so that the person does not leave. If the person is from another country then most likely they do not know the language and they are unable to communicate with other people.The victims are under constant surveillance, they are isolated, they get threats of retaliation towards family in their home country, and all their documents are confiscated once they arrive (Regan, 2000). There are other types of human trafficking also. There is commercial sexual exploitation and 98% of that is woman and girls and 2% are men and boys (Hepburn Simon, 2010). The CIA has estimated that in the United States alone there is about 50,000 woman and children that are trafficked for commercial sexual exploitation like prostitution, live sex shows, stripping, and pornography (Hepburn Simon, 2010).One of the most common types of human trafficking is the debt bondage. This is where the woman (girls) and men (boys) have to work and they do not receive any of the money because it is all used to pay back the ravel expenses, room, and food (Regan, 2000). The Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) makes it possible for the victims that are found to become eligible to receive federal and state benefits and services (Hepburn Simon, 2010). In 2008 the HHS certified a total of 286 foreign adults so that they may receive these benefits and receive some help that they have not had in a long time (Hepburn Simon, 2010).Human Services professionals can aid the victims of human trafficking in some very important ways, which are; to discover and identi fy victims of human trafficking, to provide aid in helping them become free and seek help, by educating potential target populations about the perils human trafficking, which includes teaching them how to identify potential traffickers, and by participating in organizations that provide aid to the victims of human trafficking.Salett,  2011),  Most of the victims of human trafficking in the United States are brought to America from foreign countries, so when they are rescued the only people they can usually depend on for aid, comfort, and rehabilitation are human Services professionals. According to (Salett, 2011), â€Å"All of these roles need to be filled in every community where human trafficking exists in order to locate victims, help them rebuild their lives, prevent others from being trafficked and enslaved, and end this horrific crime once and for all. † Human Services professionals need to be able to identify victims of human trafficking in order to be of assistance to them.Some of the signs that Human Services professionals can be aware of, which indicates somebody is a victim of human trafficking are; bruises, cuts, and other injuries that indicate a person is a victim of physical abuse, people who behave shyly, depressed , or fearful, people who are obviously being controlled by someone else, many people living together in a small area, people with out any identification documents, people who are not allowed to quit their jobs, people who live with their employers, people who earn less than minimum wage, and people who just recently arrived in America from countries that have a high human trafficking rate. Salett, 2011). When Human Services professionals become suspicious that they have come across people, which they believe are victims of human trafficking there are certain questions that they can ask to determine if their suspicions are correct. For example, suspected victims could be asked about how much their employer pays them per hour. Questions to Ask A Potential Victim †¢ How much does your employer pay you regularly? †¢ Is this the kind of work you expected to do? †¢ What do you do on your day off? †¢ Have you stayed in contact with your family? †¢ Does your family know how to contact you? Have you been to a doctor or dentist recently? †¢ Do you have your passport/ID? †¢ If not, who has it? 1. Identifying Victims Despite legislation outlawing trafficking, finding and helping victims to escape is a complex process. Most trafficking victims don’t understand their rights, are fearful of people in law enforcement, fear repercussions to themselves and their families if they incur the wrath of their trafficker and are not aware of agency or community resources that may advocate for them. Furthermore, they may be deported as ‘illegal aliens’ if they refuse to testify against their trafficker.Social workers serve as a key access point to services in the social and health care systems; they also have an important role to play in helping to identify individuals who may be trafficking victims and assisting them to obtain needed services. Learning to ask the right questions and looking for small clues that may suggest a person is coerced into a life of sexual exploitation or forced labor forms the basis for identifying a victim. The victim or trafficking survivor typically experiences psychological trauma that can upset the individual’s physical and mental ability to respond to stress and danger.This in turn can lead to the survival reactions of â€Å"fight, flight, or freeze,† often making it difficult to diagnose an individual’s needs. After identifying a trafficking victim, social workers need to make appropriate referrals to social service provision and advocacy groups specializing in assisting trafficking survivors. Survivors each have some critical decisions to make, including whether they wish to collaborate with law enforcement officials (see Anti-Trafficking Legislation below).Such decisions affect whether survivors are eligible for support services and for a visa to stay in the US, but also may affect their own safety or the safety of their loved ones in their countries of origin. These high stakes require that social workers and relevant agencies have accurate and up-to-date information to share with survivors so they can make informed decisions. Victims, especially victims of sex trafficking, are sometimes reluctant to discuss the circumstances of their trafficking.This may be due to the stigma attached to commercial sex or simple shame at the nature of the degradation. The reluctance of victims to share their stories can make it more difficult to gather the information necessary to provide them with an appropriate referral. 2. Organizations That Specialize in Assisting Trafficking Victims Essential services for a survivor include: †¢ immediate assistance such as housing, food, medical care, safety and security; †¢ mental health counseling; †¢ reconnecting with supportive family members; †¢ cash assistance; and legal status assistance with visa certification and immigration. Issues of culture, power, privilege, and oppression all play a role in the relationships that social workers develop with survivors. Understanding the journey and the experiences they have endured, including the historical, cultural, social and economic context of the survivor’s life are essential to working effectively with a survivor of trafficking. Social workers need to be flexible in how they work with a survivor, many of whom come from cultures that do not use Western models of counseling and therapy.Taking into account issues of language, religious practices, race/ethnicity, class, customs, and val ues are all important variables that will impact the effectiveness of a social worker providing services to a trafficking survivor. Social service providers working directly with trafficking survivors should also know the details of the anti-trafficking law in the United States and the survivor’s country of origin in order to help survivors make informed decisions and navigate the bureaucracy when needed. In the US, the Trafficking Victims and Violence Protection Act (TVPA) became law at the national level in October 2000.It focused specifically on concerns relating to human trafficking and created the tools to enable the U. S. government to address the prosecution of traffickers, protections for victims of human trafficking, and prevention of human trafficking. The law was amended in 2003 to eliminate, among other provisions, the requirement that a victim between the ages of 15-18 must cooperate with the prosecution of his or her trafficker in order to be eligible for a T-visa. Trafficking victims are often uncovered through investigations into housing code enforcement, worker safety, and commercial sexual activity.Recognizing that these investigations are usually conducted by state and local authorities, many states have enacted or are considering enacting anti-trafficking legislation. The ‘best practices’ in helping trafficking survivors rebuild their lives are still being researched, tested and written. Therefore, social workers have a role in identifying ‘promising practices,’ improving upon them, and reporting lessons learned with other practitioners. 3. Educating Vulnerable Populations About the Dangers of Human Trafficking Even social workers who do not work directly with an anti-trafficking organization have an important prevention role to play.Many social workers come into regular contact with populations that are most vulnerable to slavery and can raise their awareness of the dangers of being trafficked or exploited after their arrival in the U. S. and of the resources available to help them. Social workers bring special expertise in understanding the systemic issues that are implicit in assisting victims of trafficking and can become strong advocates for this diverse and underserved population. Elizabeth Pathy Salett, LICSW, is a member of the NASW International Committee and President, of the National MultiCultural Institute of